Índice del Área de Afloramiento (IAA) en el Norte del Ecosistema de la Corriente de Humboldt, Perú
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https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v40i1.408Palabras clave:
Índice de afloramiento, Norte del Ecosistema de la Corriente de Humboldt, frente térmico, El Niño y la Oscilación del SurResumen
Se desarrolló un Índice del Área de Afloramiento (IAA), que permite estimar las variaciones de la extensión espacial entre la línea de costa y el frente térmico (FT) en el Norte del Ecosistema de la Corriente de Humboldt (NECH). La posición del FT se obtuvo de la ubicación del máximo gradiente de temperatura superficial del mar (TSM), por latitud, entre los 4°S –18°S, utilizando datos satelitales de TSM de MUR-JPL-L4-GLOB-v4.1, entre 2003 y 2019. Estacionalmente, el IAA mostró un aumento hasta llegar a un máximo en el otoño austral (180,9 x 103 km2) y una reducción hasta llegar a un mínimo en primavera (126,3 x 103 km2), presentando un valor promedio anual de 148 x 103 km2. Interanualmente, el IAA promedio se redujo durante los eventos El Niño (114,6 x 103 km2) y aumentó durante los eventos La Niña (244,0 x 103 km2). El seguimiento de las variaciones del IAA permitirá investigar los factores involucrados en el proceso de afloramiento (como los vientos paralelos a la costa, el transporte Ekman y bombeo Ekman y sus impactos biogeoquímicos).
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