Parámetros biológicos de la medusa Chrysaora plocamia en la costa central de Perú, un estudio de 10 años
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v39i2.409Palabras clave:
Medusas, tallas y ocurrencia estacional, sobrevivencia invernal, Pisco, PerúResumen
Se reporta la estructura de tallas, abundancia estacional y sobrevivencia invernal de la scyphomedusae Chrysaora plocamia en Perú. Las tallas se determinaron a escalas estacionales (2007-2009 y 2012-2018) y mensuales (2016-2017) en el área de Pisco (13°42’S – 14°08’’S). Las abundancias se establecieron utilizando dos métodos: 1) Biomasa de capturas incidentales (kg medusa 1000 m-3) en la pesquería de cerco artesanal (2016-2017) y 2) Áreas de ocurrencia estacional (km2) en la columna de agua (2004-2007) en bahía Independencia. La sobrevivencia invernal, se determinó por presencia/ausencia en la columna de agua en invierno. Registramos un aumento progresivo de las tallas a través del tiempo, desde juveniles en invierno hasta las mayores tallas en otoño. A escalas mensuales, se registró el mismo patrón (GAM edf = 8,96). Las abundancias presentaron un fuerte aumento de primavera a verano, disminuyendo en otoño, casi desapareciendo en invierno. El análisis de componentes principales indica que la mayor parte de la variación fue explicada por el tamaño deC. plocamiay la temperatura de la superficie del mar. El análisis de correspondencia mostró que las mayores tallas estuvieron correlacionadas con el verano y el otoño. Un par de eventos de muertemasiva se registraron a comienzos del invierno de 2012 y 2018. Concluimos que C. plocamia sigue el clásico ciclo de vida Metagenético (MLC). Sin embargo, la presencia de pocos adultos durante el invierno representaría una pequeña fracción de la población local.
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