Efecto de la inclusión de vitaminas en el enriquecimiento del alimento vivo sobre crecimiento y supervivencia de larvas de chita Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1861)

Angélica Castro; Noemí Cota; Melissa Montes; Lennin Flores; Wilmer Gaspar; Lili Carrera

doi:10.53554/boletin.v37i2.374

Authors

Angélica Castro Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura
Noemí Cota Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-8159
Melissa Montes Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura
Lennin Flores Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura
Wilmer Gaspar Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura
Lili Carrera Instituto del Mar del Perú. Dirección General de Investigaciones en Acuicultura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-142X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v37i2.374

Keywords:

Anisotremus scapularis, Chita, Vitaminas, Larvas, Crecimiento, Alimento vivo

Abstract

Nutrition and habituation techniques to commercial diets are related to the larval development of fish cultured under captivity. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of adding vitamins to a commercial fortifier to assess its influence on growth, survival, presence of malformations, and biochemical profile in Anisotremus scapularis larvae. A total of 1500 larvae, with 2.19 ± 1.30 mg dry weight and 3.00 ± 0.23 mm initial total length, were seeded in 100 L tanks at a density of 10 larvae/L, with a mixture of microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica and Isochrysis galbana. We elaborated 4 treatments with the commercial enricher Selco Spresso® as a base, to which the vitamins were added: Enricher 100 g (E1), Enricher 99.95 g + 45,000 μg/100g vit. A (E2), Enricher 99.63 g + 45,000 μg/100g vit. A + 180,000 μg/100g vit. C + 136,000 μg/100g vit. E (E3), and Enricher 99.63 g + 180,000 μg/100g vit. C + 136,000 μg/100g vit. E (E4) and were added to the live food 6 h before being provided to the larvae. Feeding began 2 days after hatching (DAE) with Brachionus plicatilis until 20 DAE; then, larvae were fed with artemia nauplii until 35 DAE when weaning started, adding commercial microparticulate inert food until 60 DAE when the experiment ended. The quality of the larval culture water was maintained according to laboratory parameters: temperature (19.9 ± 0.71 °C), pH (8.58 ± 0.37), dissolved oxygen (7.33 ± 0.46 mg/ L), and saturation percentage (80.53 ± 4.68%). By the end of the experiment, we graobtained averages of total weight 29.22 ± 8.18 mg, total length 18.68 ± 8.53 mm, specific growth rate 4.36 ± 0.51%g/day, survival 42.78 ± 5.98 %, malformations 11.72 ± 7.80 %, DHA/EPA 0.87 ± 0.09. No significant differences were found between treatments (p > 0.05), although treatment E2 obtained the best results. Our study provided information on the influence of vitamins on the development of Anisotremus scapularis larvae under laboratory conditions, and the vitamins used should also serve as a basis for other trials that bring us closer to knowing the larval nutrition of the species.

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