Evaluación del coeficiente de atenuación y la transparencia del mar utilizando imágenes del satélite Sentinel-2B en la bahía El Ferrol, Chimbote, Perú

Luis Escudero; Han Xu; Naldi Herrera; Ángel Perea

doi:10.53554/boletin.v40i2.436

Authors

Luis Escudero Instituto del Mar del Perú, Dirección General de Investigaciones en Hidroacústica, Sensoramiento Remoto y Artes de Pesca, Callao, Perú. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6814-608X
Han Xu Instituto del Mar del Perú, Dirección General de Investigaciones en Hidroacústica, Sensoramiento Remoto y Artes de Pesca, Callao, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7263-9645
Naldi Herrera Instituto del Mar del Perú, Dirección General de Investigaciones en Hidroacústica, Sensoramiento Remoto y Artes de Pesca, Callao, Perú. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2908-2136
Ángel Perea Instituto del Mar del Perú, Laboratorio Costero de Chimbote, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6615-8802

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v40i2.436

Keywords:

Attenuation coefficient, transparency, Secchi disk, Sentinel-2B

Abstract

The attenuation coefficient (Kd_PAR) and seawater transparency in El Ferrol Bay, Chimbote, were assessed using single-band and multi-band modeling approaches based on Sentinel-2B satellite reflectance data. This study
aimed to evaluate and calibrate different empirical models to estimate both the attenuation coefficient and water transparency, integrating in situ observations collected in 2023 and 2024 with Sentinel-2B imagery. Due to frequent cloud cover, a cloud-masking threshold filter was applied to the May–June 2024 dataset. Following methodologies proposed in previous optical modeling studies, 51 models for Kd_PAR and 49 for transparency were tested to determine the best-performing relationships between satellite reflectance and field measurements. Comparative analysis with in situ data revealed that a simple linear regression model provided the most accurate estimation for Kd_PAR, while a power-law model yielded the best performance for transparency in both years. The reflectance difference between the 705 nm and 740 nm bands proved to be the most effective predictor variable for both parameters. The optimal equation for the diffuse attenuation coefficient was: Kd_PAR= 71,167 * (R₇₀₅ - R₇₄₀) + 0,285, R² = 0.67, RMSE = 19.00, MAE = 14.97, and BIAS= +1.12. For water transparency (P_DS), the best-fitting model was: P_DS= 0,122 * (R₇₀₅ - R₇₄₀)^-0,582, with R² = 0.67, RMSE = 19.56, MAE = 15.54, and BIAS = 0.

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