Diversidad y variabilidad espacio-temporal del  zooplancton en la bahía El Ferrol (Chimbote, 9°11’30"S) Perú, entre 2015 y 2017

Katia Aronés Flores

doi:10.53554/boletin.v39i1.399

Authors

Katia Aronés Flores Instituto del Mar del Perú, Dirección General de Investigaciones Oceanográficas y Cambio Climático, Callao, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3453-9226

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v39i1.399

Keywords:

Zooplankton, Biovolumes, Abundances, Copepods, El Ferrol bay

Abstract

Research on zooplankton holds significance due to its pivotal role in the food web, serving as a primary energy source for numerous commercially important species. Moreover, owing to their life cycles, zooplankton are highly responsive to changes in aquatic ecosystems, rendering them valuable indicators of ecosystem health. This study aimed to assess species composition, diversity, and spatiotemporal variability in zooplankton biovolume and abundance in El Ferrol Bay (9°11′30″S, 78°34′33″W). The results are based on a total of 77 samples collected across six surveys by means of oblique hauls from 2 meters bottom to surface with a Baby Bongo net (150 µm). Zooplankton biovolume ranged from 0.5 to 742 mL.100 m^-3, with a mean of 56 mL.100 m^-3 (sd = 96.2) and a median of 22.7 mL.100 m^-3. Abundance varied from 5,002 ind.100
m^-3 to 17,452,973 ind.100 m^-3, averaging 1,106,536 (sd = 4,436,080) with a median of 351,245 ind.100 m^-3. Both biovolume and abundance exhibited significant temporal variations across sampling periods and seasons, with peak values noted in March 2016, averaging 178 mL.100 m^-3 (sd = 184.8) and 3,494,105 ind.100 m^-3 (sd = 4,436,080), respectively. Spatially, no significant differences were observed in zooplankton biovolume and abundance among the bay’s North, Central, and South zones. Seventy-seven zooplankton species were identified, with copepods being the most prevalent and abundant, particularly Acartia sp., showing higher densities in November 2015. Temporal fluctuations primarily drove variations in species composition, rather than spatial factors. When compared with other open bays, El Ferrol Bay exhibited the highest diversity. This study serves as a foundational examination of the zooplankton community within El Ferrol Bay, providing valuable insights for future, more targeted investigations. It underscores the importance of establishing baseline monitoring programs across various bays in the Peruvian marine environment, considering their distinct environmental dynamics.

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