Synergistic effects of probiotic microorganisms and organic compunds on the growth and survival of Penaeus vannamei
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v41i1.440Keywords:
Probiotics, Penaeus vannamei, synergistic effectAbstract
Shrimp aquaculture is continually threatened by bacterial diseases, particularly those caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains harboring the pirA and pirB toxin genes (VpAHPND). Although antibiotics are widely used to control these infections, their excessive and indiscriminate application has raised major concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance and public health, highlighting the need for sustainable alternative strategies such as probiotics and organic compounds. This study evaluated the probiotic potential of native bacterial isolates associated with Penaeus vannamei and their synergistic interaction with organic compounds. Bacterial strains were isolated and molecularly characterized, and their antagonistic activity against pathogenic Vibrio strains was assessed in vitro using agar diffusion assays. Isolates showing inhibitory effects were further analyzed by PCR to detect genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). One isolate (strain 45) was positive for the surfactin gene, whereas two additional isolates (strains 47 and 59) carried genes associated with surfactin, bacylisin, bacillomycin, and fengycin. Among the evaluated isolates, strain 45 significantly enhanced the survival of P. vannamei experimentally challenged with AHPND-positive Vibrio strains, both when administered alone and in combination with the organic acid formulation ProtAcid. These findings suggest that the synergistic application of probiotic bacteria and organic acids represents a promising prophylactic strategy to reduce the impact of Vibrioassociated diseases in P. vannamei aquaculture.
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