Caracterización genética de Virus del Síndrome de las Manchas Blancas y de bacterias Vibrio colectados en Peneidos silvestres de Perú

Beder Ramírez; Mervin Guevara; Alberto Ordinola-Zapata

doi:10.53554/boletin.v40i2.441

Authors

Beder Ramírez Instituto del Mar del Perú, Laboratorio Costero de Tumbes, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-9693
Mervin Guevara Instituto del Mar del Perú, Laboratorio Costero de Tumbes, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-7887
Alberto Ordinola-Zapata Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Facultad de Ingeniería Pesquera y Ciencias del Mar, Tumbes, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-0531

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v40i2.441

Keywords:

WSSV, Vibrio, AHPND, ORF, genotypes, pathogenicity

Abstract

Since wild shrimp can serve as reservoirs for infectious agents, ongoing health surveillance of these populations is essential to prevent disease outbreaks in aquaculture systems. This study analyzed wild specimens of Litopenaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus stylirostris collected from coastal environments adjacent to shrimp farms in northern Peru, with the objective of genetically characterizing the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and Vibrio species associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)—two of the most critical pathogens affecting cultured shrimp worldwide. In one WSSV strain, five open reading frames (ORFs 75, 94, 125, 14/15, and 23/24) were examined. ORFs 75, 94, and 125 consisted of six, three, and two variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) units, respectively, while ORFs 14/15 and 23/24 exhibited DNA deletions of 5,138 bp and 11,110 bp. For Vibrio isolates associated with AHPND, fourteen genes were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis identified three strains as Vibrio parahaemolyticus and one as Vibrio campbellii, based on the sequences of 16S rRNA, rpoB, rpoA, recA, and pyrH. In addition, the presence and variability of virulence factors were characterized through the analysis of pirA, pirB, toxR, luxR, tdh, trh, tetB, and two protease genes, revealing distinct pathogenicity profiles among the four isolates. The identification of genetic variants in both WSSV and Vibrio strains provides valuable insight into their molecular diversity and lays the groundwork for epidemiological studies and the development of biosecurity and management strategies aimed at reducing their impact on shrimp aquaculture.

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